Zirconium89DFOQualityChecker
Zirconium-89 DFO
Utility description: Zirconium-89 DFO
Zirconium-89 DFO Quality Checker — Zirconium-89 DFO for Immuno-PET
ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of Zr-89-DFO:
• Radionuclidic purity (≥99.0%)
• Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
• Yttrium-87 impurity (≤0.1%)
• Radiochemical purity (≥95%, DFO complex)
• Free zirconium (≤5%) — BONE ACCUMULATION!
• Specific activity, pH, endotoxins, sterility
⚠️ CRITICAL: Free zirconium (Zr4+) has high affinity for bone tissue.
Y-88 impurity creates long-term radioactive waste issues.
Usage:
Zirconium89DFOQualityChecker.exe → demo mode (console output)
Zirconium89DFOQualityChecker.exe input.csv output.json → evaluate your data
Input format:
BatchNumber,TotalActivityMBq,RadionuclidicPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,Yttrium87ImpurityPercent,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,FreeZirconiumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,SpecificActivityGBqPerUmol,ProductType
Example (sterility: 0=sterile, 1=contaminated):
ZR89-DFO-2026-001,150.0,99.8,0.0005,0.05,98.5,1.5,7.0,20.0,0,150.0,ImmunoPET
Supported product types:
• ImmunoPET — monoclonal antibody imaging
— WHY IS THIS NEEDED?
Zirconium-89 (T½=78.4 h) is an ideal isotope for labeling monoclonal antibodies (mAbs):
• Half-life matches the biological half-life of antibodies (several days)
• Allows PET imaging at delayed time points (3-7 days post-injection) for high tumor-to-background contrast
• Chelator DFO (desferrioxamine) firmly binds Zr-89 to the antibody
• Used for assessing receptor expression, antibody pharmacokinetics, and personalized therapy
⚠️ CRITICAL:
• Radiochemical purity ≥95% — Zr-DFO complex must be stable in vivo. Instability leads to Zr4+ release.
• Free zirconium ≤5% — Zr4+ ion has extremely high affinity for bone hydroxyapatite. Even small amounts of free zirconium lead to intense skeletal accumulation, masking bone metastases and increasing bone marrow dose.
• Yttrium-88 (T½=106.6 days) impurity ≤0.001% — CRITICAL PARAMETER. Formed during target irradiation. Long-lived impurity making waste hazardous for years.
• Yttrium-87 (T½=3.35 days) impurity ≤0.1% — Increases patient radiation dose.
• Specific activity ≥50 GBq/μmol — Needed to prevent saturation of antigen sites with "cold" metal or excess chelator, which may reduce immunoreactivity.
• pH 5.5–7.5, Endotoxins ≤175 EU/vial, Sterility — standard requirements for antibodies.
Key features:
• Strict control of long-lived Y-88 impurity
• Control of free zirconium (risk of bone accumulation)
• Assessment of specific activity (important for mAbs)
• Support for immuno-PET specifications
Critical parameters:
• Radionuclidic purity: ≥99.0%
• Y-88 impurity: ≤0.001% (CRITICAL!)
• Y-87 impurity: ≤0.1%
• Radiochemical purity (Zr-DFO): ≥95.0%
• Free zirconium: ≤5.0%
• Specific activity: ≥50.0 GBq/μmol
• pH: 5.5–7.5
• Endotoxins: ≤175 EU/vial
• Sterility: no microbial growth
💡 Usage tips:
1. Zr-89 labeling requires careful pH control (usually 7.0-7.5) and incubation time.
2. Purification from free zirconium is performed by gel filtration or dialysis.
3. TLC or HPLC is used to control free Zr.
4. Zr-89 allows visualization of antibody distribution in the tumor when blood background has already decreased (delayed imaging).
⚠️ Note: Zr-89-DFO is the gold standard for immuno-PET. The main problem is complex stability. If DFO does not hold zirconium firmly enough, it transfers to bones. Therefore, free zirconium control is the most important quality parameter after radionuclidic purity.input.csv
BatchNumber,TotalActivityMBq,RadionuclidicPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,Yttrium87ImpurityPercent,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,FreeZirconiumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,SpecificActivityGBqPerUmol,ProductType ZR89-DFO-2026-001,150.0,99.8,0.0005,0.05,98.5,1.5,7.0,20.0,0,150.0,ImmunoPET ZR89-DFO-FAIL-002,140.0,98.0,0.01,0.5,90.0,10.0,6.5,30.0,0,40.0,ImmunoPET ZR89-DFO-BONE-003,145.0,99.5,0.0008,0.1,96.0,8.0,7.2,15.0,0,120.0,ImmunoPET
URS & FS — User Requirements and Functional Specification
This document describes the controlled interface and behaviour of Zirconium89DFOQualityChecker for Zirconium-89 DFO.
Domain limits and critical parameters
- ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of Zr-89-DFO:
- • Radionuclidic purity (≥99.0%)
- • Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
- • Yttrium-87 impurity (≤0.1%)
- • Radiochemical purity (≥95%, DFO complex)
- • Free zirconium (≤5%) — BONE ACCUMULATION!
- • Specific activity, pH, endotoxins, sterility
- ⚠️ CRITICAL: Free zirconium (Zr4+) has high affinity for bone tissue.
- Y-88 impurity creates long-term radioactive waste issues.
- BatchNumber,TotalActivityMBq,RadionuclidicPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,Yttrium87ImpurityPercent,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,FreeZirconiumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,SpecificActivityGBqPerUmol,ProductType
- Example (sterility: 0=sterile, 1=contaminated):
- ⚠️ CRITICAL:
- • Radiochemical purity ≥95% — Zr-DFO complex must be stable in vivo. Instability leads to Zr4+ release.
- • Free zirconium ≤5% — Zr4+ ion has extremely high affinity for bone hydroxyapatite. Even small amounts of free zirconium lead to intense skeletal accumulation, masking bone metastases and increasing bone marrow dose.
URS — User Requirements Specification
| ID | Requirement | Criticality | Acceptance criterion |
|---|---|---|---|
| URS-001 | The utility shall accept an input.csv file with the exact headers defined in the data contract. | High | The file is processed without manual header editing. |
| URS-002 | The utility shall perform deterministic QC evaluation for Zirconium-89 DFO using input values, approved limits and domain rules. | High | Each input row receives a PASS / WARNING / FAIL status. |
| URS-003 | The utility shall validate mandatory fields, data types, numeric ranges, units and pharmaceutical/radiochemical plausibility. | High | Schema and conversion errors are explicitly reported. |
| URS-004 | The utility shall identify critical deviations related to radionuclidic purity, radiochemical purity, free radionuclide, impurities, pH, endotoxins and sterility when such fields are present. | High | A critical deviation causes FAIL or a separate critical finding. |
| URS-005 | The utility shall generate output.json with machine-readable results, source values, warnings and failures. | High | JSON is suitable for LIMS/ELN/MES integration and QA/QC review. |
| URS-006 | The utility shall not use machine learning to decide conformance. | Medium | The result is based on explicit rules, thresholds and input values. |
| URS-007 | The utility shall preserve traceability between batch number, input values, applied rules and final status. | High | The output contains the batch identifier and the list of checked parameters. |
| URS-008 | The documentation shall support IQ/OQ preparation and inspection discussion with FDA/EMA/Roszdravnadzor or local regulators. | Medium | URS & FS, input.csv/output.json contract and test scenarios are supplied with the utility. |
input.csv contract
| # | Field | Type | Sample | Purpose |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BatchNumber | string | ZR89-DFO-2026-001 | Batch or lot identifier used for traceability. |
| 2 | TotalActivityMBq | decimal | 150.0 | Radioactivity value used for release, decay or dose-related assessment. |
| 3 | RadionuclidicPurityPercent | string | 99.8 | Radionuclidic purity; a critical radiation-safety and impurity parameter. |
| 4 | Yttrium88ImpurityPercent | string | 0.0005 | Controlled impurity or residual material. |
| 5 | Yttrium87ImpurityPercent | string | 0.05 | Controlled impurity or residual material. |
| 6 | RadiochemicalPurityPercent | string | 98.5 | Radiochemical purity; confirms the labelled chemical form and binding quality. |
| 7 | FreeZirconiumPercent | decimal | 1.5 | Free radionuclide / unbound species; important for non-target uptake and toxicity. |
| 8 | pH | decimal | 7.0 | Solution pH; relevant for stability, compatibility and administration. |
| 9 | EndotoxinsEU | decimal | 20.0 | Bacterial endotoxins; critical for parenteral administration. |
| 10 | SterilityTest | flag / boolean | 0 | Sterility result; critical release parameter. |
| 11 | SpecificActivityGBqPerUmol | decimal | 150.0 | Radioactivity value used for release, decay or dose-related assessment. |
| 12 | ProductType | string | ImmunoPET | Controlled input parameter used by the deterministic QC rules. |
BatchNumber,TotalActivityMBq,RadionuclidicPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,Yttrium87ImpurityPercent,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,FreeZirconiumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,SpecificActivityGBqPerUmol,ProductType ZR89-DFO-2026-001,150.0,99.8,0.0005,0.05,98.5,1.5,7.0,20.0,0,150.0,ImmunoPET ZR89-DFO-FAIL-002,140.0,98.0,0.01,0.5,90.0,10.0,6.5,30.0,0,40.0,ImmunoPET ZR89-DFO-BONE-003,145.0,99.5,0.0008,0.1,96.0,8.0,7.2,15.0,0,120.0,ImmunoPET
FS — Functional Specification
| ID | Function | Implementation |
|---|---|---|
| FS-001 | CSV import | Read input.csv in UTF-8/CSV-compatible format and validate the header and expected columns. |
| FS-002 | Schema validation | Check mandatory fields and column count; report unknown or missing key fields. |
| FS-003 | Type conversion | Convert numeric, flag and text values; invalid formats are recorded as row-level errors. |
| FS-004 | Domain rule engine | Apply domain rules for Zirconium-89 DFO, including critical limits from the utility description and approved specification. |
| FS-005 | Status aggregation | Produce final status: FAIL for critical failure, WARNING for non-critical deviation, PASS for conformance. |
| FS-006 | JSON export | Write output.json with detailed checks, source values, warnings, failures and critical findings. |
| FS-007 | Audit support | Keep the result structure suitable for review, deviation investigation, calculation reproduction and IQ/OQ preparation. |
| FS-008 | Integration contract | Support the production scenario: LIMS/ELN/MES creates input.csv, the utility returns output.json, the portal displays description and documentation. |
Example output.json
{
"utilityId": "zirconium89-dfo-quality-checker",
"api": "Zirconium-89 DFO",
"overallStatus": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"sourceFile": "input.csv",
"checks": [
{
"parameter": "BatchNumber",
"value": "ZR89-DFO-2026-001",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "TotalActivityMBq",
"value": "150.0",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "RadionuclidicPurityPercent",
"value": "99.8",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "Yttrium88ImpurityPercent",
"value": "0.0005",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "Yttrium87ImpurityPercent",
"value": "0.05",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "RadiochemicalPurityPercent",
"value": "98.5",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "FreeZirconiumPercent",
"value": "1.5",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "pH",
"value": "7.0",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
}
],
"criticalFindings": []
}
OQ/PQ test scenarios
| ID | Scenario | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| OQ-001 | Valid sample row | PASS or acceptable WARNING according to the rules. |
| OQ-002 | Mandatory column missing | Schema error or FAIL. |
| OQ-003 | Non-numeric value in numeric field | Type-conversion error. |
| OQ-004 | Critical parameter outside limit | FAIL and critical finding. |
| PQ-001 | User real batch/lot | Reviewed result with input.csv and output.json retained. |
QA/QC and change control
- Do not rename columns without updating the validator and test set.
- Retain
input.csv,output.json, executable version and checksum. - Before production use, perform IQ/OQ/PQ or equivalent CSV/CSA verification.
- Critical radiopharmaceutical limits must be verified against the approved specification and local SOPs.
Included in packages
PetRad3: expanded PET/SPECT and radiopharmaceutical QC package
A curated suite for PET/SPECT radiopharmaceuticals, generator and cyclotron radionuclides, labelled compounds, radiochemical purity, breakthrough, sterility and endotoxin control.
OpenRadiology QC Suite
QC package for radiology and diagnostic imaging: radiopharmaceuticals, PET/SPECT, contrast media, iodinated and gadolinium products, plus particle, sterility and endotoxin checks.
OpenRPH isotope family: beta-emitting therapy
Lu-177, Y-90, Ho-166, Re-188, Sm-153, Sr-89, P-32, Cu-67 and Tb-161.
OpenRPH isotope family: long-lived PET / immuno-PET
Cu-64, Zr-89, I-124, Mn-52 and Y-86 for antibodies, slow kinetics and extended imaging.
OpenRPH organ/system: bone and musculoskeletal
Bone scintigraphy, MDP/PYP, marrow, bone-pain palliation, skeletal metastases and radiosynovectomy.
OpenRPH organ/system: oncology and theranostics
Tumour imaging, PSMA/FAPI/receptor tracers, immuno-PET, targeted radionuclide therapy and radioembolization.
OpenRPH use case: radionuclide therapy and theranostics
Lu-177, Ac-225, Ra-223, Y-90, Ho-166, Sm-153, Sr-89, Re-188, Tb-161, I-131 and other therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals: activity, purity, free metal, daughters and toxicological constraints.
OpenRPH workflow: generators and isotope purity
Generator eluate, breakthrough, radionuclidic purity, isotope mix and starting radionuclides.
OpenRPH workflow: imaging QC and quantitative interpretation
Acquisition, uptake, clearance, perfusion, transit, ejection fraction, segmentation and quantitative imaging.
OpenRPH workflow: product release QC
Assay, purity, sterility, endotoxins, pH, impurities, appearance and batch-release checks.
OpenRPH workflow: stability, storage, decay and waste
Kinetic stability, shelf life, decay correction, expiry, storage, trend and radioactive waste.
OpenRPH workflow: synthesis, labelling and kit reconstitution
Radiolabelling, synthesis, chelation, reducing agent, pH/stoichiometry and kit preparation.
OpenRPH: combined radiopharmaceutical QC package
RPH combines PetRad, PetRad2 and PetRad3 into one umbrella package for PET/SPECT, therapeutic radionuclides, generators, labelled compounds, decay calculations, sterility, endotoxins and radiochemical/radionuclidic purity.
Open