Yttrium90QualityChecker
Yttrium90
Yttrium-90 Quality Checker — Yttrium-90 for radionuclide therapy
ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of yttrium-90:
• Specific activity (≥1000 MBq/μmol for conjugates)
• Radiochemical purity (≥95%)
• Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
• Free yttrium (≤5% for conjugates)
• pH, endotoxins, sterility, heavy metals
⚠️ CRITICAL: Yttrium-88 impurity >0.001% → chronic radiation burden!
Free yttrium >5% → liver/lung toxicity!
Usage:
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe → demo mode (console output)
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe input.csv output.json → evaluate your data
Input format:
BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType
Example (sterility: 0=sterile, 1=contaminated):
Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres
Supported product types:
• Microspheres — radioembolization of liver (SIR-Spheres®, TheraSphere®)
• DOTATATE — therapy for neuroendocrine tumors (90Y-DOTATATE)
• FREEY90 — unconjugated yttrium-90 (for custom conjugation)
— WHY IS THIS NEEDED?
Yttrium-90 — widely used beta-emitter for radionuclide therapy:
• 64.1-hour half-life (2.67 days) — sufficient for synthesis and delivery
• Beta radiation (0.935 MeV) — effective tumor cell destruction
• Used in microspheres for liver radioembolization and peptide conjugates (90Y-DOTATATE)
• Clinically proven efficacy in liver cancer and neuroendocrine tumors
⚠️ CRITICAL:
• Specific activity ≥1000 MBq/μmol — ensures sufficient dose for tumor cell destruction
• Radiochemical purity ≥95% — ensures radiation delivery specifically to tumor cells
• Yttrium-88 impurity ≤0.001% — CRITICAL! Yttrium-88 (T½=106.6 days) creates CHRONIC RADIATION BURDEN to patient without therapeutic benefit. Even 0.0011% is unacceptable!
• Free yttrium ≤5% — UNBOUND yttrium accumulates in liver and lungs, causing toxicity!
• pH 4.0–7.5 — critical for blood compatibility during IV administration
• Endotoxins ≤175 EU/vial — critical for IV administration!
• Sterility — MANDATORY for all parenteral forms!
Key features:
• Check of critical yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — main quality parameter
• Free yttrium control for conjugates (≤5%)
• Support for different product types (microspheres, peptide conjugates, unconjugated yttrium)
• Specific limits for unconjugated Y-90 (≥2000 MBq/μmol)
• Critical warnings about chronic radiation burden and free yttrium toxicity
Critical parameters:
• Specific activity: ≥1000 MBq/μmol (conjugates), ≥2000 MBq/μmol (unconjugated)
• Radiochemical purity: ≥95.0%
• Yttrium-88 impurity: ≤0.001% (CRITICAL!)
• Free yttrium: ≤5.0% (conjugates), N/A (unconjugated)
• pH: 4.0–7.5
• Endotoxins: ≤175 EU/vial
• Sterility: no microbial growth
• Heavy metals: ≤10 ppm
💡 Usage tips:
1. Yttrium-88 impurity controlled by gamma spectrometry (898 keV and 1836 keV peaks)
2. Free yttrium controlled by TLC or HPLC
3. For unconjugated Y-90 focus on specific activity and Y-88 impurity
4. All measurements should be performed within 24 hours after synthesis
5. If Y-88 impurity >0.001% detected — batch rejected (critical parameter)!
⚠️ Note: Yttrium-90 is ONE OF THE MOST WIDELY USED therapeutic isotopes. Yttrium-88 impurity is especially dangerous due to 106.6-day half-life — even minor amounts create chronic radiation burden to patient. Control of this impurity is MANDATORY for clinical use.
input.csv
BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres
URS & FS — user requirements and functional specification
This document defines user requirements and functional specification for the quality-control utility. It supports deployment discussion, IQ/OQ preparation and QC workflow integration.
1. Scope
The Yttrium90 Quality Checker utility is used for Yttrium90. The actual input.csv is the source of truth for the input structure; control criteria are defined by the executable and the domain description.
The utility does not use machine learning; decisions are produced by deterministic rules.
Categories: Radiopharmaceuticals
Tags: decay correction, endotoxins, heavy metals, impurities, microbiology, PET, radionuclide purity, radiopharma, SPECT, sterility
2. Execution modes
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe → demo mode (console output) Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe input.csv output.json → evaluate your data
3. Key controlled areas
- purity and impurities
- microbiology and pathogens
- heavy metals / elemental impurities
- pH and physicochemical parameters
- activity, decay and radiochemical purity
4. Domain limits and critical parameters
- ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of yttrium-90:
- Specific activity (≥1000 MBq/μmol for conjugates)
- Radiochemical purity (≥95%)
- Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
- Free yttrium (≤5% for conjugates)
- pH, endotoxins, sterility, heavy metals
- ⚠️ CRITICAL: Yttrium-88 impurity >0.001% → chronic radiation burden!
- Free yttrium >5% → liver/lung toxicity!
- ⚠️ CRITICAL:
- Specific activity ≥1000 MBq/μmol — ensures sufficient dose for tumor cell destruction
- Radiochemical purity ≥95% — ensures radiation delivery specifically to tumor cells
- Yttrium-88 impurity ≤0.001% — CRITICAL! Yttrium-88 (T½=106.6 days) creates CHRONIC RADIATION BURDEN to patient without therapeutic benefit. Even 0.0011% is unacceptable!
- Free yttrium ≤5% — UNBOUND yttrium accumulates in liver and lungs, causing toxicity!
- pH 4.0–7.5 — critical for blood compatibility during IV administration
- Endotoxins ≤175 EU/vial — critical for IV administration!
- Sterility — MANDATORY for all parenteral forms!
- Check of critical yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — main quality parameter
- Free yttrium control for conjugates (≤5%)
- Support for different product types (microspheres, peptide conjugates, unconjugated yttrium)
- Specific limits for unconjugated Y-90 (≥2000 MBq/μmol)
- Critical warnings about chronic radiation burden and free yttrium toxicity
- Critical parameters:
- Specific activity: ≥1000 MBq/μmol (conjugates), ≥2000 MBq/μmol (unconjugated)
- Radiochemical purity: ≥95.0%
5. URS — user requirements
| ID | Requirement | Criticality | Acceptance criterion |
|---|---|---|---|
| URS-001 | The system shall accept an input.csv file for Yttrium90 with the exact columns listed in the “Input data contract” section. | High | A file with the correct header is processed without manual editing; missing mandatory columns produce FAIL/import error. |
| URS-002 | The system shall support execution without arguments in demo mode and execution with input.csv output.json for user data. | Medium | Both execution scenarios produce a predictable result or clear diagnostic error. |
| URS-003 | The system shall perform rule-based controls for: purity and impurities, microbiology and pathogens, heavy metals / elemental impurities, pH and physicochemical parameters, activity, decay and radiochemical purity. | High | Each controlled parameter receives a status and message; the result does not depend on hidden Excel formulas or ML. |
| URS-004 | The system shall preserve traceability between batch/lot, source values, applied rules and final verdict. | High | Output includes batch identifier, source values, parameter statuses and critical findings. |
| URS-005 | The system shall generate machine-readable output.json for LIMS/ELN/MES, batch record and QA/QC review. | High | JSON contains overall status, check array, warnings, failures and source-file reference. |
| URS-006 | The system shall support use in the client validation package: URS/FS, IQ/OQ preparation, installation and operational scenario checks. | High | The document, test scenarios and reproducible CSV/JSON flow are suitable for audit and internal approval. |
| URS-007 | The system shall clearly separate technical data errors from specification nonconformities. | Medium | Schema/type errors are not mixed with pharmacopoeial deviations and are reported separately. |
6. input.csv data contract
The source of truth for the input schema is the actual input.csv header. Column names are technical identifiers and are not translated.
| # | Column | Type | Unit | Description | Sample | Control rule |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | BatchNumber | identifier | as specified | Batch Number | Y90-MICRO-2026-001 | mandatory field; used for batch/lot traceability |
| 2 | SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol | decimal | MBq | Specific Activity MBq per Umol | 1500.0 | mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility |
| 3 | RadiochemicalPurityPercent | decimal | % | Radiochemical Purity % | 98.0 | numeric value; compared with assay/purity limit from specification or method |
| 4 | Yttrium88ImpurityPercent | decimal | % | Yttrium88 Impurity % | 0.0005 | numeric value; compared with individual or total impurity limit |
| 5 | FreeYttriumPercent | decimal | % | Free Yttrium % | 3.0 | mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility |
| 6 | pH | decimal | pH | p H | 6.5 | mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility |
| 7 | EndotoxinsEU | decimal | as specified | Endotoxins EU | 120.0 | numeric value; critical safety attribute compared with endotoxin limit |
| 8 | SterilityTest | boolean / flag | 0/1 | Sterility Test | 0 | valid flag required; prohibited organisms and growth are normally expected as 0 / absent |
| 9 | HeavyMetalsPPM | decimal | ppm | Heavy Metals PPM | 5 | numeric value; checked as elemental/metal impurity |
| 10 | ProductType | text | as specified | Product Type | Microspheres | mandatory value; format and acceptability are checked by the utility |
CSV example
BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres
7. FS — functional specification
| ID | Function | Implementation description |
|---|---|---|
| FS-001 | CLI entry point | The executable Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe supports demo mode and input.csv output.json processing mode. |
| FS-002 | CSV parser | The import module reads CSV, validates header, column presence/order, value count and encoding. Decimal values are expected with a dot separator. |
| FS-003 | Field conversion | Each column is converted to the expected type: identifier, text, decimal number, date/time or boolean flag. |
| FS-004 | Domain rule engine | For Yttrium90, explicit rules are applied: range, minimum, maximum, absence of prohibited flag, data completeness or calculation-based check. |
| FS-005 | Criticality handling | Critical violations produce FAIL; non-critical deviations and incomplete data produce WARNING; full conformance produces PASS. |
| FS-006 | JSON writer | output.json stores overall status, per-parameter results, source values, warnings, failures and diagnostic messages. |
| FS-007 | Integration contract | The CSV → JSON format is stable for invocation from LIMS/ELN/MES, scheduled task or wrapper service. |
| FS-008 | Error handling | Schema error, missing file, non-numeric value or JSON write failure returns diagnosable error without silent PASS. |
8. output.json contract
The output file must be suitable for automated processing, audit review and correlation with the source input.csv row.
{
"utility": "Yttrium90QualityChecker",
"api": "Yttrium90",
"batchNumber": "Y90-MICRO-2026-001",
"overallStatus": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"checkedAtUtc": "2026-05-18T00:00:00Z",
"checks": [
{
"parameter": "BatchNumber",
"value": "Y90-MICRO-2026-001",
"unit": "as specified",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol",
"value": "1500.0",
"unit": "MBq",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "RadiochemicalPurityPercent",
"value": "98.0",
"unit": "%",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "Yttrium88ImpurityPercent",
"value": "0.0005",
"unit": "%",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "FreeYttriumPercent",
"value": "3.0",
"unit": "%",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "pH",
"value": "6.5",
"unit": "pH",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "EndotoxinsEU",
"value": "120.0",
"unit": "as specified",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
},
{
"parameter": "SterilityTest",
"value": "0",
"unit": "0/1",
"status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
"message": "Rule-based check result"
}
],
"criticalFindings": [],
"sourceFile": "input.csv"
}9. OQ/PQ test scenarios
| ID | Scenario | Expected result |
|---|---|---|
| TC-001 | Valid CSV with expected header and sample row | All rows are processed; output contains PASS/WARNING/FAIL and parameter-level detail. |
| TC-002 | A mandatory input.csv column is missing | Import is rejected or the row receives FAIL with schema reference. |
| TC-003 | A numeric field contains text or a blank value | Type conversion error is recorded; the result is not hidden as PASS. |
| TC-004 | A parameter is outside specification or critical limit | Critical parameters produce FAIL; non-critical deviations produce WARNING according to the rule. |
| TC-005 | Positive pathogen/microbiological flag or microbiological limit excursion | Critical FAIL is produced with the offending parameter. |
| TC-008 | Incorrect activity, reference time or radiochemical purity | FAIL/WARNING is produced with calculation traceability. |
10. QA/QC, CSV and change control
- Before production use, the client records executable version, checksum, specification/monograph version, test CSV, expected JSON and IQ/OQ results.
- Column names must not be changed without updating the validator and test scenarios.
- The source CSV, output.json and utility version should be stored together as an evidence package.
- Any change in control rules must go through change control and repeated OQ scenario verification.
Included in packages
Endocrinology QC Suite
QC package for endocrinology: thyroid, pituitary/peptide hormones, corticosteroids, sex hormones and selected metabolic medicines.
OpenNeurology QC Suite
QC package for neurology and neuropsychiatry: antiepileptics, antiparkinsonian medicines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, analgesics and neurological diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals.
OpenPetRad QC Suite
A specialised utility package for radiopharmaceutical quality control: PET, SPECT, therapeutic radionuclides, generators and decay calculations.
OpenRadiology QC Suite
QC package for radiology and diagnostic imaging: radiopharmaceuticals, PET/SPECT, contrast media, iodinated and gadolinium products, plus particle, sterility and endotoxin checks.
OpenRPH isotope family: beta-emitting therapy
Lu-177, Y-90, Ho-166, Re-188, Sm-153, Sr-89, P-32, Cu-67 and Tb-161.
OpenRPH organ/system: brain and CNS
Brain perfusion, dopamine transporter, amyloid/tau, receptor imaging and neurological SPECT/PET.
OpenRPH organ/system: endocrine, thyroid and NET
Radioiodine, thyroid/parathyroid, somatostatin receptor, MIBG and neuroendocrine workflows.
OpenRPH organ/system: hepatobiliary and GI
HIDA, mebrofenin, gallbladder, gastric emptying, GI transit, bleeding and liver/spleen imaging.
OpenRPH organ/system: oncology and theranostics
Tumour imaging, PSMA/FAPI/receptor tracers, immuno-PET, targeted radionuclide therapy and radioembolization.
OpenRPH organ/system: pulmonary and ventilation
Lung perfusion, MAA, V/Q, aerosol, xenon ventilation, shunt and pulmonary dosimetry.
OpenRPH use case: radionuclide therapy and theranostics
Lu-177, Ac-225, Ra-223, Y-90, Ho-166, Sm-153, Sr-89, Re-188, Tb-161, I-131 and other therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals: activity, purity, free metal, daughters and toxicological constraints.
OpenRPH workflow: product release QC
Assay, purity, sterility, endotoxins, pH, impurities, appearance and batch-release checks.
OpenRPH workflow: stability, storage, decay and waste
Kinetic stability, shelf life, decay correction, expiry, storage, trend and radioactive waste.
OpenRPH workflow: synthesis, labelling and kit reconstitution
Radiolabelling, synthesis, chelation, reducing agent, pH/stoichiometry and kit preparation.
OpenRPH: combined radiopharmaceutical QC package
RPH combines PetRad, PetRad2 and PetRad3 into one umbrella package for PET/SPECT, therapeutic radionuclides, generators, labelled compounds, decay calculations, sterility, endotoxins and radiochemical/radionuclidic purity.
Open