Yttrium90QualityChecker

Yttrium90

decay correction endotoxins heavy metals impurities microbiology PET radionuclide purity radiopharma
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Yttrium-90 Quality Checker — Yttrium-90 for radionuclide therapy

ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of yttrium-90:
• Specific activity (≥1000 MBq/μmol for conjugates)
• Radiochemical purity (≥95%)
• Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
• Free yttrium (≤5% for conjugates)
• pH, endotoxins, sterility, heavy metals

⚠️ CRITICAL: Yttrium-88 impurity >0.001% → chronic radiation burden!
Free yttrium >5% → liver/lung toxicity!

Usage:
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe → demo mode (console output)
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe input.csv output.json → evaluate your data

Input format:
BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType

Example (sterility: 0=sterile, 1=contaminated):
Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres

Supported product types:
• Microspheres — radioembolization of liver (SIR-Spheres®, TheraSphere®)
• DOTATATE — therapy for neuroendocrine tumors (90Y-DOTATATE)
• FREEY90 — unconjugated yttrium-90 (for custom conjugation)

— WHY IS THIS NEEDED?
Yttrium-90 — widely used beta-emitter for radionuclide therapy:
• 64.1-hour half-life (2.67 days) — sufficient for synthesis and delivery
• Beta radiation (0.935 MeV) — effective tumor cell destruction
• Used in microspheres for liver radioembolization and peptide conjugates (90Y-DOTATATE)
• Clinically proven efficacy in liver cancer and neuroendocrine tumors

⚠️ CRITICAL:
• Specific activity ≥1000 MBq/μmol — ensures sufficient dose for tumor cell destruction
• Radiochemical purity ≥95% — ensures radiation delivery specifically to tumor cells
• Yttrium-88 impurity ≤0.001% — CRITICAL! Yttrium-88 (T½=106.6 days) creates CHRONIC RADIATION BURDEN to patient without therapeutic benefit. Even 0.0011% is unacceptable!
• Free yttrium ≤5% — UNBOUND yttrium accumulates in liver and lungs, causing toxicity!
• pH 4.0–7.5 — critical for blood compatibility during IV administration
• Endotoxins ≤175 EU/vial — critical for IV administration!
• Sterility — MANDATORY for all parenteral forms!

Key features:
• Check of critical yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — main quality parameter
• Free yttrium control for conjugates (≤5%)
• Support for different product types (microspheres, peptide conjugates, unconjugated yttrium)
• Specific limits for unconjugated Y-90 (≥2000 MBq/μmol)
• Critical warnings about chronic radiation burden and free yttrium toxicity

Critical parameters:
• Specific activity: ≥1000 MBq/μmol (conjugates), ≥2000 MBq/μmol (unconjugated)
• Radiochemical purity: ≥95.0%
• Yttrium-88 impurity: ≤0.001% (CRITICAL!)
• Free yttrium: ≤5.0% (conjugates), N/A (unconjugated)
• pH: 4.0–7.5
• Endotoxins: ≤175 EU/vial
• Sterility: no microbial growth
• Heavy metals: ≤10 ppm

💡 Usage tips:
1. Yttrium-88 impurity controlled by gamma spectrometry (898 keV and 1836 keV peaks)
2. Free yttrium controlled by TLC or HPLC
3. For unconjugated Y-90 focus on specific activity and Y-88 impurity
4. All measurements should be performed within 24 hours after synthesis
5. If Y-88 impurity >0.001% detected — batch rejected (critical parameter)!

⚠️ Note: Yttrium-90 is ONE OF THE MOST WIDELY USED therapeutic isotopes. Yttrium-88 impurity is especially dangerous due to 106.6-day half-life — even minor amounts create chronic radiation burden to patient. Control of this impurity is MANDATORY for clinical use.

input.csv

BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType
Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres

URS & FS — user requirements and functional specification

This document defines user requirements and functional specification for the quality-control utility. It supports deployment discussion, IQ/OQ preparation and QC workflow integration.

Utility: Yttrium90QualityCheckerAPI / object: Yttrium90Category: Radiopharmaceuticals

1. Scope

The Yttrium90 Quality Checker utility is used for Yttrium90. The actual input.csv is the source of truth for the input structure; control criteria are defined by the executable and the domain description.

The utility does not use machine learning; decisions are produced by deterministic rules.

Categories: Radiopharmaceuticals

Tags: decay correction, endotoxins, heavy metals, impurities, microbiology, PET, radionuclide purity, radiopharma, SPECT, sterility

2. Execution modes

Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe                            → demo mode (console output)
Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe input.csv output.json      → evaluate your data

3. Key controlled areas

  • purity and impurities
  • microbiology and pathogens
  • heavy metals / elemental impurities
  • pH and physicochemical parameters
  • activity, decay and radiochemical purity

4. Domain limits and critical parameters

  • ℹ️ Utility checks critical parameters of yttrium-90:
  • Specific activity (≥1000 MBq/μmol for conjugates)
  • Radiochemical purity (≥95%)
  • Yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — CRITICAL!
  • Free yttrium (≤5% for conjugates)
  • pH, endotoxins, sterility, heavy metals
  • ⚠️ CRITICAL: Yttrium-88 impurity >0.001% → chronic radiation burden!
  • Free yttrium >5% → liver/lung toxicity!
  • ⚠️ CRITICAL:
  • Specific activity ≥1000 MBq/μmol — ensures sufficient dose for tumor cell destruction
  • Radiochemical purity ≥95% — ensures radiation delivery specifically to tumor cells
  • Yttrium-88 impurity ≤0.001% — CRITICAL! Yttrium-88 (T½=106.6 days) creates CHRONIC RADIATION BURDEN to patient without therapeutic benefit. Even 0.0011% is unacceptable!
  • Free yttrium ≤5% — UNBOUND yttrium accumulates in liver and lungs, causing toxicity!
  • pH 4.0–7.5 — critical for blood compatibility during IV administration
  • Endotoxins ≤175 EU/vial — critical for IV administration!
  • Sterility — MANDATORY for all parenteral forms!
  • Check of critical yttrium-88 impurity (≤0.001%) — main quality parameter
  • Free yttrium control for conjugates (≤5%)
  • Support for different product types (microspheres, peptide conjugates, unconjugated yttrium)
  • Specific limits for unconjugated Y-90 (≥2000 MBq/μmol)
  • Critical warnings about chronic radiation burden and free yttrium toxicity
  • Critical parameters:
  • Specific activity: ≥1000 MBq/μmol (conjugates), ≥2000 MBq/μmol (unconjugated)
  • Radiochemical purity: ≥95.0%
Limits stated in the description must be verified against the current approved specification, pharmacopoeial monograph and registration dossier before production use.

5. URS — user requirements

IDRequirementCriticalityAcceptance criterion
URS-001The system shall accept an input.csv file for Yttrium90 with the exact columns listed in the “Input data contract” section.HighA file with the correct header is processed without manual editing; missing mandatory columns produce FAIL/import error.
URS-002The system shall support execution without arguments in demo mode and execution with input.csv output.json for user data.MediumBoth execution scenarios produce a predictable result or clear diagnostic error.
URS-003The system shall perform rule-based controls for: purity and impurities, microbiology and pathogens, heavy metals / elemental impurities, pH and physicochemical parameters, activity, decay and radiochemical purity.HighEach controlled parameter receives a status and message; the result does not depend on hidden Excel formulas or ML.
URS-004The system shall preserve traceability between batch/lot, source values, applied rules and final verdict.HighOutput includes batch identifier, source values, parameter statuses and critical findings.
URS-005The system shall generate machine-readable output.json for LIMS/ELN/MES, batch record and QA/QC review.HighJSON contains overall status, check array, warnings, failures and source-file reference.
URS-006The system shall support use in the client validation package: URS/FS, IQ/OQ preparation, installation and operational scenario checks.HighThe document, test scenarios and reproducible CSV/JSON flow are suitable for audit and internal approval.
URS-007The system shall clearly separate technical data errors from specification nonconformities.MediumSchema/type errors are not mixed with pharmacopoeial deviations and are reported separately.

6. input.csv data contract

The source of truth for the input schema is the actual input.csv header. Column names are technical identifiers and are not translated.

#ColumnTypeUnitDescriptionSampleControl rule
1BatchNumberidentifieras specifiedBatch NumberY90-MICRO-2026-001mandatory field; used for batch/lot traceability
2SpecificActivityMBqPerUmoldecimalMBqSpecific Activity MBq per Umol1500.0mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility
3RadiochemicalPurityPercentdecimal%Radiochemical Purity %98.0numeric value; compared with assay/purity limit from specification or method
4Yttrium88ImpurityPercentdecimal%Yttrium88 Impurity %0.0005numeric value; compared with individual or total impurity limit
5FreeYttriumPercentdecimal%Free Yttrium %3.0mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility
6pHdecimalpHp H6.5mandatory numeric value; rule comparison is performed by the utility
7EndotoxinsEUdecimalas specifiedEndotoxins EU120.0numeric value; critical safety attribute compared with endotoxin limit
8SterilityTestboolean / flag0/1Sterility Test0valid flag required; prohibited organisms and growth are normally expected as 0 / absent
9HeavyMetalsPPMdecimalppmHeavy Metals PPM5numeric value; checked as elemental/metal impurity
10ProductTypetextas specifiedProduct TypeMicrospheresmandatory value; format and acceptability are checked by the utility

CSV example

BatchNumber,SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol,RadiochemicalPurityPercent,Yttrium88ImpurityPercent,FreeYttriumPercent,pH,EndotoxinsEU,SterilityTest,HeavyMetalsPPM,ProductType
Y90-MICRO-2026-001,1500.0,98.0,0.0005,3.0,6.5,120.0,0,5,Microspheres

7. FS — functional specification

IDFunctionImplementation description
FS-001CLI entry pointThe executable Yttrium90QualityChecker.exe supports demo mode and input.csv output.json processing mode.
FS-002CSV parserThe import module reads CSV, validates header, column presence/order, value count and encoding. Decimal values are expected with a dot separator.
FS-003Field conversionEach column is converted to the expected type: identifier, text, decimal number, date/time or boolean flag.
FS-004Domain rule engineFor Yttrium90, explicit rules are applied: range, minimum, maximum, absence of prohibited flag, data completeness or calculation-based check.
FS-005Criticality handlingCritical violations produce FAIL; non-critical deviations and incomplete data produce WARNING; full conformance produces PASS.
FS-006JSON writeroutput.json stores overall status, per-parameter results, source values, warnings, failures and diagnostic messages.
FS-007Integration contractThe CSV → JSON format is stable for invocation from LIMS/ELN/MES, scheduled task or wrapper service.
FS-008Error handlingSchema error, missing file, non-numeric value or JSON write failure returns diagnosable error without silent PASS.

8. output.json contract

The output file must be suitable for automated processing, audit review and correlation with the source input.csv row.

{
  "utility": "Yttrium90QualityChecker",
  "api": "Yttrium90",
  "batchNumber": "Y90-MICRO-2026-001",
  "overallStatus": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
  "checkedAtUtc": "2026-05-18T00:00:00Z",
  "checks": [
    {
      "parameter": "BatchNumber",
      "value": "Y90-MICRO-2026-001",
      "unit": "as specified",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "SpecificActivityMBqPerUmol",
      "value": "1500.0",
      "unit": "MBq",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "RadiochemicalPurityPercent",
      "value": "98.0",
      "unit": "%",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "Yttrium88ImpurityPercent",
      "value": "0.0005",
      "unit": "%",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "FreeYttriumPercent",
      "value": "3.0",
      "unit": "%",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "pH",
      "value": "6.5",
      "unit": "pH",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "EndotoxinsEU",
      "value": "120.0",
      "unit": "as specified",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    },
    {
      "parameter": "SterilityTest",
      "value": "0",
      "unit": "0/1",
      "status": "PASS|WARNING|FAIL",
      "message": "Rule-based check result"
    }
  ],
  "criticalFindings": [],
  "sourceFile": "input.csv"
}

9. OQ/PQ test scenarios

IDScenarioExpected result
TC-001Valid CSV with expected header and sample rowAll rows are processed; output contains PASS/WARNING/FAIL and parameter-level detail.
TC-002A mandatory input.csv column is missingImport is rejected or the row receives FAIL with schema reference.
TC-003A numeric field contains text or a blank valueType conversion error is recorded; the result is not hidden as PASS.
TC-004A parameter is outside specification or critical limitCritical parameters produce FAIL; non-critical deviations produce WARNING according to the rule.
TC-005Positive pathogen/microbiological flag or microbiological limit excursionCritical FAIL is produced with the offending parameter.
TC-008Incorrect activity, reference time or radiochemical purityFAIL/WARNING is produced with calculation traceability.

10. QA/QC, CSV and change control

  • Before production use, the client records executable version, checksum, specification/monograph version, test CSV, expected JSON and IQ/OQ results.
  • Column names must not be changed without updating the validator and test scenarios.
  • The source CSV, output.json and utility version should be stored together as an evidence package.
  • Any change in control rules must go through change control and repeated OQ scenario verification.

Included in packages

Endocrinology QC Suite

QC package for endocrinology: thyroid, pituitary/peptide hormones, corticosteroids, sex hormones and selected metabolic medicines.

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Neurology QC Suite

QC package for neurology and neuropsychiatry: antiepileptics, antiparkinsonian medicines, antidepressants, antipsychotics, analgesics and neurological diagnostic radiopharmaceuticals.

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PetRad QC Suite

A specialised utility package for radiopharmaceutical quality control: PET, SPECT, therapeutic radionuclides, generators and decay calculations.

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Radiology QC Suite

QC package for radiology and diagnostic imaging: radiopharmaceuticals, PET/SPECT, contrast media, iodinated and gadolinium products, plus particle, sterility and endotoxin checks.

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RPH isotope family: beta-emitting therapy

Lu-177, Y-90, Ho-166, Re-188, Sm-153, Sr-89, P-32, Cu-67 and Tb-161.

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RPH organ/system: brain and CNS

Brain perfusion, dopamine transporter, amyloid/tau, receptor imaging and neurological SPECT/PET.

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RPH organ/system: endocrine, thyroid and NET

Radioiodine, thyroid/parathyroid, somatostatin receptor, MIBG and neuroendocrine workflows.

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RPH organ/system: hepatobiliary and GI

HIDA, mebrofenin, gallbladder, gastric emptying, GI transit, bleeding and liver/spleen imaging.

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RPH organ/system: oncology and theranostics

Tumour imaging, PSMA/FAPI/receptor tracers, immuno-PET, targeted radionuclide therapy and radioembolization.

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RPH organ/system: pulmonary and ventilation

Lung perfusion, MAA, V/Q, aerosol, xenon ventilation, shunt and pulmonary dosimetry.

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RPH use case: radionuclide therapy and theranostics

Lu-177, Ac-225, Ra-223, Y-90, Ho-166, Sm-153, Sr-89, Re-188, Tb-161, I-131 and other therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals: activity, purity, free metal, daughters and toxicological constraints.

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RPH workflow: product release QC

Assay, purity, sterility, endotoxins, pH, impurities, appearance and batch-release checks.

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RPH workflow: stability, storage, decay and waste

Kinetic stability, shelf life, decay correction, expiry, storage, trend and radioactive waste.

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RPH workflow: synthesis, labelling and kit reconstitution

Radiolabelling, synthesis, chelation, reducing agent, pH/stoichiometry and kit preparation.

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RPH: combined radiopharmaceutical QC package

RPH combines PetRad, PetRad2 and PetRad3 into one umbrella package for PET/SPECT, therapeutic radionuclides, generators, labelled compounds, decay calculations, sterility, endotoxins and radiochemical/radionuclidic purity.

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